DMG production was enhanced during active exposure to cigarette smoke, but it was substantially reduced when the gut microbiome of “smoking” mice was depleted by antibiotics. One was dimethylglycine, or DMG, a metabolite generated from the dietary nutrient choline by the gut microbiome and the liver. They identified two small molecules that might explain the metabolic consequences of smoking cessation. Next, the researchers characterized the thousands of potentially bioactive metabolites generated or altered by the microbiome when the hosts were exposed to cigarette smoke. Significantly less weight gain occurred when the donor “smoking” mice were treated with antibiotics prior to the transplants. The recipient mice developed microbial imbalances similar to those observed in “smoking” mice and gradually gained weight, a phenomenon that was greatest in mice transplanted with microbiomes collected during the smoking cessation period. To confirm that the gut microbes were indeed major regulators of weight gain in the “smoking cessation” mice, the researchers collected microbiomes from “smoking” or “smoking-cessation” mice at various timepoints and transferred these into germ-free mice that had never been exposed to cigarette smoke. Evidently, smoking-related compounds such as nicotine penetrated the gut of “smoking” mice from the blood stream, thereby altering the gut’s bacterial composition and, consequently, the body’s metabolism. But when the mice were given broad-spectrum antibiotics that depleted their microbiome, they gained much less weight after undergoing “smoking cessation,” staying slim for months regardless of their diet. When the smoke exposure stopped, the mice rapidly gained weight, as often happens to humans who quit smoking. The researchers found that mice that were regularly exposed to cigarette smoke failed to gain weight, despite consuming a diet high in fat and sugar. Hagit Shapiro of Elinav’s lab led this project, together with additional lab members and other Weizmann scientists.ĭesign Credit: Weizmann Institute of Science
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Moreover, these compounds may be further developed into therapies to fight obesity even among nonsmokers.”
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“The compounds we have identified may lead to new treatments that will help people avoid weight gain when quitting smoking. Eran Elinav of Weizmann’s Immunology Department, who headed the research team. “Our findings exemplify how the host and microbiome act as partners in regulating weight and metabolism,” says Prof.
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In a study published today in Nature, Weizmann Institute of Science researchers report discovering that obesity developing after “smoking cessation” in mice may be driven by the weight-modulating compounds released by their gut microbes. The cause of this weight gain is unclear, as studies suggest that most people don’t eat more after quitting smoking.
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Many people don’t quit smoking, despite expressing a desire to do so, because they are concerned about the substantial weight gain that often accompanies smoking cessation. REHOVOT, ISRAEL-December 8, 2021-Cigarette smoking, practiced by over a billion people worldwide, is considered a leading cause of disease, accounting for over six million deaths each year.